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                       %OBJECTIVE/SUBJECTIVE VALUES 770707

     Values  exist  in both the objective  and  subjective
realms.   To  perceive values as being of  exclusively one
realm is to do violence to potentially helpful integrative
perspectives.   When society is dominated  by persons  who
are  exclusively of one realm,   such  violence  tends  to
undermine  the  viability of the  society.    The  society
becomes dichotomized and therefore fragmented and sinful.

     The   dichotomization  of  values  tends  to  be   an
undemocratic  process.    Domination  blocks communication
between those of different realms---so the dominant people
come  to  believe  that only they have  the  whole  truth,
contrasting perceptions having been discredited.  Thus the
domination tends to  make it appear that the values/truths
of  the  dominant members of the society are "objectively"
true.    It  is  probably  no  accident  that  objectively
oriented people tend to be more dominant than subjectively
oriented  people.    Objectively oriented people  seek  to
bring  others  into conformity with  objective  truth  and
values---freedom of  choice being viewed as the freedom to
conform to the objective truths/values.

     Subjective  values  center  on  people's  ability  to
create values and truth by free choice---within very broad
constraints;  the exact  nature and extent  of  which  are
exceedingly  difficult  to determine,   perhaps  having no
objective  meaning.    The constraints  upon  free  choice
exist.  It is impossible to realize some choices/fantasies
precisely because others have been realized.  Free choices
may  influence  not only the location of  boundaries  upon
future   free  choice,   but  also  the  nature  of   such
boundaries.

     The   formulation   of  appropriate   questions   and
responses  in  these  areas  of consideration  is  not the
exclusive  domain  of  people  living in  any  one  realm.
Exclusive   people  are  not  likely  to  perceive   these
realities  with  sufficiently clearly to respond helpfully
to them.
                                                                                                                               
                         (c) 2005 by Paul A. Smith in      
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