This is http://www.essayz.com/a8612051.htm Previous-Essay <== This-Essay ==> Following-Essay Click HERE on this line to find essays via Your-Key-Words. {Most frequent wordstarts of each essay will be put here.} ========================================================== %SUBJECTIVE INTEGRATIVE RESEARCH 861205 A new the paradigm for subjective integrative research can not be helpfully patterned after the old paradigm for objective scientific research. Subjective wisdom can not be based upon alienations between/among subjects; i.e., not upon separations maintained between the subjects who are supposed to act coherently because of the knowledge gained through subjective research. Objective research is based upon alienation between subjects and objects, with limitation placed upon kinds of human interactions and reflections which are regarded as proper. Certain kinds of reflective/reflexive processes within subjects are taboo. The subjects are not to reflect in certain ways about their own interactions with the objects of their study. Objective research is based upon forbidding certain kinds of subjective processes, especially affective and emotional ones. The focus of attention in subjective integrative research often is upon the very kinds of processes which are forbidden in objective scientific research. For this reason subjective wisdom can not be based upon the paradigm which has been so successful and tragic in objective scientific research. Objective success has heightened the potential costs and risks of subjective foolishness; and has promoted subjected foolishness. It may be helpful to develop a theory of integrative subjective research. In what ways may bias be avoided and transcended in subjective research? A compulsive dedication to exclusive objectivity will not evade bias! What principles and ideals can promote a proper balance between personal and communal integrity which will help us all survive? (c) 2005 by Paul A. Smith in (On Being Yourself, Whole and Healthy) ==========================================================