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%ENCOURAGE DISCOURAGE HONESTY DISHONESTY DIFFERENCE 950204

     There can be subtle differences between efforts which
may be pointed to by word pairs such as:

     Encourage honesty   vs.    Discourage dishonesty

     Encourage dishonesty    vs.    Discourage honesty

     In looking  for subtle differences we need  to be
attentive to whether the following words point to elements
which  are  present in the efforts,  or  absent  from  the
efforts:

     COERCION       VIOLENCE        ABUSE         STRAIN

     HONESTY        DISHONESTY      DECEPTION     GUILE

     COURAGE        HUMILITY        ARROGANCE     LOVE

     Not all efforts to encourage honesty merit respect---
especially  if  the  motive  for  encouraging  honesty  is
entrapment which entails coercion, or an effort to violate
people's rights to privacy.

     Not  all  efforts  to  discourage  dishonesty   merit
respect---especially if the efforts are made by  dishonest
coercive   people who are seeking to dominate  weak people
who prefer not to reveal their real feelings and thoughts.

     It  is  rare that efforts to encourage dishonesty  or
efforts-to-discourage-honesty    merit    respect,     for
dishonesty usually contributes to  personal  and  communal
disintegration whereas  honesty  which  is  freely offered
usually contributes to personal and communal integration.

     It  is clear that efforts-to-encourage-honesty  which
are  most  difficult to assess accurately;  because on the
surface  it  would  appear  that all efforts-to-encourage-
honesty should merit respect.   It is not always simple to
see    which   efforts-to-encourage-honesty   are   really
disintegrative,    rather  than  integrative---because  of
coercive aspects  to the efforts which lead to  alienation
and so to dishonesty.

     Efforts-to-encourage-honesty      which      occasion
alienation are very unlikely to lead people  to  have  the
courage  to  be honest.   Real  encouragement  comes  from
offering the gift of the  freedom to be safely vulnerable,
not from coercive efforts to make people tell truths which
they would prefer to keep to themselves.  Statements which
people make when they are being coerced in any are are not
reliable statements; the truth of the statements should be
doubted.   For  this reason in  formal courts  of  justice
confessions which were given in coercive circumstances  do
not receive formal respect.  Coercive efforts to encourage
honesty do not merit respect.
                                                                                                                               
                         (c) 2005 by Paul A. Smith in      
                    (On Being Yourself, Whole and Healthy)  
                                                                                                                               
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